不同去袋时期对红富士苹果果实硬度及色素含量的影响

Effects of Different Debagging Periods on Hardness and Pigment Content of ‘Red Fuji’ Apple(Malus pumila ‘Red Fuji’)

[目的]研究不同去袋时期对套袋红富士苹果(Malus pumila‘Red Fuji’)果实硬度、果形指数及果皮色素含量的影响。[方法]试验用树树势一致,结果量均匀。以单株为小区6,月6～8日(盛花后35～40 d)套袋。每株随机套100个果,3次重复,以不套袋果为对照(CK)。去袋分为8个时期,分别为9月162、0、24、28日,10月2、61、01、4日。[结果]不同时期去袋对果形指数没有影响,但随着去袋时期的推迟,同时期采收的果实其硬度相应降低;9月20日～10月10日去袋,随去袋时间的推迟,去袋后果皮花青苷的合成速率逐渐加快,而叶绿素合成则相应有减缓趋势。10月10日以后去袋的果实果皮中花青苷的合成速率降低。去内袋后6～8 d,果皮花青苷合成迅速,此时果面鲜红、光亮,外观商品性状最好。[结论]该研究可以为中原大部分地区优质果品生产提供科学依据。

[Objective]The aim was to study the effects of different debagging periods on hardness,fruit shape indices and pigment content of ＇Red Fuji＇apple.[Method]The chose apple plants had no difference in plant vigor and the number of fruits.The bagging time was June 6th to June 8th（35-40 days after bloom stage）,and each plant was a plot and randomly bagged 100 fruits,repeated 3 times.Take the no bagging fruit as control.Debagging time was 8,including September 16th,20th,24th,28th and October 2th,6th,10th,14th.[Result]The results indicated that different debagging periods had no effect on the indices of fruit shape,but with the periods of debagging postponingt,the hardness reduced accordingly to the fruit which picked at the same time.During September 20th to October 10th,the later the debagging time,the quicker the speed of synthesizing anthocyanin,but it was opposite to the synthesizing of chlorophyll.The speed of synthesizing anthocyanin would decrease when removing bag after October 10th.During the time from 6 days to 8 days after removing inter bag,the anthocyanin accumulated quickly in fruit peel,the fruit had the characteristics of bright-colored and luminous,and the most welcome in market.[Conclusion]The study provides a scientific basis for good quality apple production in most of central plains.