上海地区青少年正畸治疗需要的调查研究

Normative orthodontic treatment need and perception of dental attractiveness of 11 to 13 years old schoolchildren in Shanghai

目的:调查上海地区青少年人群的正畸治疗需要及自身美学评价。方法:随机抽取上海地区11～13岁青少年686例(男355例,女331例),由正畸专科医师采用正畸治疗需要指数(index of orthodontic treatment need,IOTN)评定受试者正畸治疗需要。IOTN包括学(dental health component,DHC)及美学(aesthetic component,AC)2部分。同时采用IOTN的美学部分让受试者对自身美观程度进行评价(self-perceived aesthetic component,SAC)。采用描述性统计及卡方检验对调查结果进行统计分析。结果:DHC评分显示26.0%的受试者明确需要正畸治疗,19.8%的受试者为临界病例;AC评分显示5.5%的受试者明确需要正畸治疗,31.7%为临界病例;SAC评分显示1.7%的受试者明确需要正畸治疗,6.4%为临界病例。在明确需要正畸治疗的受试者中,最常见的特征是严重接触点异常(>4 mm)。DHC与AC在评价治疗需要时77.8%结果一致,AC与SAC在评价治疗需要时65.0%结果一致。结论:将近一半的青少年人群明确需要正畸治疗或为临界病例,受试者在进行自身美观程度评价有从轻的倾向。

Objective： To assess the normative orthodontic treatment need and self-perceived dental attractiveness of 11 to 13 years old schoolchildren in Shanghai.Methods： 686 schoolchildren aged 11~13 years in Shanghai were randomly selected.The orthodontic treatment need was evaluated through the Dental Health Component（DHC） and Aesthetic Component（AC） of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need（IOTN）.The schoolchildren rated themselves on the AC of IOTN to represent their self-perceived dental attractiveness（SAC）.Descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests were used for data analysis with statistical significance set at P0.05.Results： 26.0% of the children had a definite need for orthodontic treatment according to DHC.Severe contact point displacement of more than 4 mm（7.7%） was the most common occlusal feature in the definite treatment need group.The percentage of the schoolchildren with AC grades 8~10 was 5.5% whereas the percentage of them with SAC grades 8~10 was 1.7%.Conclusion： About half Shanghai schoolchildren aged 11~13 years old need orthodontic treatment,SAC evaluation is less strong than AC.