金华市婺城区城市老龄化居民危险因素与健康行为分析

Aging urban residents in Wucheng District of Jinhua:risk factors and health behavior analysis

目的:了解城市老龄化居民危险因素与健康行为,分析其与主要慢性病的关系。方法:以WHO全球老龄化与成人健康研究(SAGE)家庭及个人问卷调查资料为基础,采用SPSS13.0做统计学分析,相关影响因素用多因素Logistics回归分析。结果:婺城区城市老龄化居民男性45.79%吸过烟,目前吸烟率为33.68%,戒烟率12.11%,女性吸烟率为1.97%,低于全国和天津市15岁以上人群吸烟率;男女饮酒率为37.11%和8.27%;吸烟率与饮酒率在性别、年龄、文化程度分布上有统计学差异;参加体育或休闲活动率为37.8%,文化程度越高,参加锻炼的比例越高;每天静坐时间大于每天6小时的占12.13%;在高血压、肥胖的危险因素分析中,每天静坐时间大于4小时、缺乏体力活动是超重与肥胖的主要危险因素,无体力活动人群超重与肥胖的患病机率是有体力活动人群的2倍。结论:婺城区老龄化人群吸烟率、饮酒率低于全国水平,但仍较高,静坐时间过长、缺乏体力活动和体育锻炼是老龄化人群的主要健康危险因素。因此要加强老龄化人群的健康知识普及,提高自我保护意识,同时社会应提供适应的健身活动场所,倡导健康生活方式,减少老龄化人群的危险因素,降低慢性病的发生。

ObjectiveTo understand the risk factors and health behavior of aging urban inhabitants,and to analyze its relationship with the main chronic diseases.Methods Based on the WHO global aging and adult health study（SAGE）,data of family and individual questionnaires were analyzed by SPSS13.0 and the relative factors were analyzed by Logistics regression.Results Of aging males in Wucheng district 45.79% smoked,with a current smoking rate of 33.68% and quitting rate of 12.11%.The smoking rate of females was 1.97%,lower than the national smoking rate in age group of 15 and above and that in Tianjing.Alcohol drinking rates of males and females were 37.11% and 8.27%,respectively.There are statistical differences of smoking rate and drinking rate in gender,age,and educational background.Rate of taking part in sports or leisure activities was 37.8%.The higher the educational background,the higher the rate of exercising.For 12.13% of aging urban residents,their time of being seated was over 6 hours a day.More than 4 hours of being seated and lack of physical activity were main risk factors of overweight and obesity.Risk of population without physical activity being overweight and obese is twice that of population with physical activity.Conclusion The smoking rate and drinking rate of aging population in Wucheng district is lower than the national ones,but still remain high.Too long period of being seated,lack of physical activity and exercises are the main risk factors.Therefore,it is necessary to strengthen popularization of health knowledge among aging population so as to promote their awareness of health care.In the meantime,there should be some appropriate fitness activities for aging population so as to decrease the risk factors and reduce chronic diseases.