论美国对苏联入侵阿富汗的政策与隐蔽行动

US Policy and Covert Action on Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan

1979年12月苏联入侵阿富汗后,美国政府认为这是苏联势力范围和共产主义扩张的又一表现,对美国在波斯湾至关重要的利益造成了严重威胁,迅速制定并执行了通过公开外交手段辅之以隐蔽行动迫使苏联从阿富汗撤军的政策。美国在阿富汗实施的隐蔽行动,最主要表现为准军事行动,且并非孤军作战,而是有多国参与,与之密切配合行动。同时,到后来实际上变成了公开的秘密。美国在阿富汗的隐蔽行动,是美国在苏联开始走向衰落的情况下给苏联的一记重拳,它严重削弱了苏联的力量,使苏联为入侵阿富汗付出了沉重代价,最终迫使苏军撤出了阿富汗。

The Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan in Dec.1979 was considered by the US government as indicating the expansion of Soviet influence and Communism,which severely threatened the US benefits in the Persian Gulf.As a result,the US immediately established and implemented policies combined with overt diplomacy and covert actions.The covert actions were mainly closely-cooperated multinational paramilitary actions,which,as a matter of fact,turned to be an open secret.These covert actions heavily blowed the declining Soviet Union,weakened the Soviet power,and finally forced the Soviet Union to withdraw from Afghanistan with great loss.