水下核爆作用下混凝土重力坝模型破坏试验

Destructive tests of concrete gravity dam under underwater nuclear explosion

采用落锤冲击模拟水下核爆的一次冲击波对混凝土重力坝的作用.试验遵循弹性-重力联合相似准则,并以冲量相似条件确定冲击摆的质量与悬挂高度.对两种坝体和坝基接触条件,即一种在平滑基底上筑坝,一种在锚固基底上筑坝,开展模型坝的冲击试验,得到模型坝体的动力特性.试验结果表明,坝体破坏模式包括贯穿性断裂、滑移、碎裂、层裂和抛掷等.并初步研究了核爆输入能量和大坝耗散能量之间的平衡关系.

Dropping hammers impact is adopted to simulate the impact wave loading of underwater nuclear explosion imposed on concrete gravity dam.Joint elastic similitude and gravity similitude are used to design model test of gravity dam under impact loading.Based on the impulse similitude,mass and position of each hammer are determined.Two kinds of contact conditions between dam and base,such as weak contact,and anchoring contact,are selected to carry out destructive tests of concrete gravity model dam under impact loading.The experimental results show that failure modes of concrete gravity dam under impact include cracking,sliding,fragmenting,spalling and throwing.Meanwhile,energy balance between input energy from nuclear explosion and dissipation energy is studied preliminarily.