陕西秦岭南北年均气温及降水量带的移动

The shifts of annual average temperature and precipitation belts in the south and north region of Qinling Mountains,Shaanxi province

依据秦岭南北地区1970—2009年气象数据,应用空间分析方法对秦岭南北地区年平均气温带、年降水量带的移动及其面积变化特征进行了分析.结果显示:(1)近40a来,秦岭南北地区年平均气温带发生了明显的移动,与标准时期(1971—2000年)相比,21世纪初的10a位置最北,北移0.5°,其余各年代中只有20世纪80年代稍微南移,南移0.15°;12～13℃气温带中面积最大为20世纪80年代,13～14℃带为90年代.(2)近40a来,秦岭南北地区年降水量带也发生了明显的移动,与标准时期相比20世纪80年代北移0.4°,其余年代都略有南移,南移0.15°;600～800mm年降水量带中面积最大时段为20世纪70年代,800～1 000mm带为80年代.(3)近40a来,秦岭南北地区气候暖干化趋势明显,经历了由暖干—冷湿—暖干的变化过程,这种移动变化可能会对该地区的种植制度产生影响.

Based on the meteorological data of south and north region in Qinling Mountains from 1970 to 2009,by applying the spatial analysis method,the characteristics of the migration and area change of the annual mean temperature belt and annual precipitation belt in the south and north region of Qinling Mountains were analyzed.The results indicated：（1） in the recent 40 years,the annual mean temperature belt of the north and south area in Qinling Mountains migrated obviously.Compared with the reference period（from 1971 to 2000）,at the beginning of 10a in the 21st century the position was at the most north part,moved to north by 0.5°,in the other ages only the 1980s slightly moved to south by 0.15°;in the 1980s the area of 12~13℃temperature belt was largest,while in the 1990s the area of 13~14℃ temperature belt was largest.（2） in the recent 40 years,the annual precipitation belt of the north and south area in Qinling Mountains also migrated obviously.Compared with the reference period,in the 1980s it moved to north by 0.4°,while in the other ages slightly moved to south by 0.15°;in the 1970s the area of 600~800 mm annual precipitation belt was largest,while in the 1980s the area of 800~1 000 mm precipitation belt was largest.（3） in the recent 40 years,the warming-drying tendency in the south and north region of Qinling Mountains was obvious,experienced a changing process of warming-drying,colding-wetting to warming-drying.And this migration will influence the cropping systems of the study area.