加工贸易视角下中美工业贸易隐含碳研究:国别排放与全球效应

Research on Embodied Carbon in Sino-US Trade in Industries Based on Processing Trade:National Emissions and Global Effect

本文基于加工贸易视角,区分国内与进口中间投入,构建贸易隐含碳模型,从工业整体及行业角度分析了1998-2009年度中美工业贸易隐含碳的国别排放情况,并基于全球视角分析了中美贸易的全球净效应。结果显示:中国对美工业贸易始终处于隐含碳净出口状态,2001年之后(净)出口隐含碳增幅尤其明显,其中化学、机械、纺织业是隐含碳净出口的主要行业,电力生产供应业则保持隐含碳净进口。从全球视角来看,此期间的中美工业贸易使全球碳排放增加了225105.8万吨。国际社会"基于生产"的二氧化碳测度模式有失公平,也不利于全球范围的低碳减排。

This paper, which distinguishes between import and domestic intermediate inputs, builds the model of embodied carbon based on processing trade, and analyzes the embodied carbon in Sino-US trade in industries from 1998 to 2009 as well as its global net effect. The results show that China has exported lots of embodied carbon to USA especially after the year of 2001 in the indus- tries of chemical, mechanical and textile. Only the production and supply of electricity industry has maintained net imports of embodied carbon. From the global perspective, Sino-US trade in industries has increased the global carbon emissions by 2251.058 million tons. The measurement of carbon dioxide emissions based on production of each country is unfair and does not accord with the carbon reduction purpose around the world.