基因组时代的昆虫学研究

Entomological research in the genomic age

昆虫种类繁多,它与生态系统中的生物多样性,以及人类的日常生活和生产密切相关。自2000年黑腹果蝇Drosophila melanogaster全基因组测序完成以来,至今已先后开展了88种昆虫全基因组测序工作,这标志着昆虫学研究进入了基因组时代。本文综述了近年来昆虫基因组测序进展,以及基于基因组的昆虫学研究方法及应用等两方面的研究成果。同时,着重介绍了昆虫全基因组测序进程,昆虫基因组在个体生物学、多物种间及种群,及系统生物学研究中的应用等方面的内容。最后,还探讨了基因组时代昆虫学研究所面临的挑战。

The many different species of insects on earth comprise a significant proportion of global biodiversity and play important roles in the ecosystem,as well as impacting on human beings.Since the sequencing of the Drosophila melanogaster genome was completed in 2000,the genomes of 88 different kinds of insects have now been sequenced.This indicates that entomological research has entered the genomic age.In this review,we summarize recent progress in insect genomic sequencing and review research methods and applications of genome-based entomology.We highlight the process of sequencing insect genomes,as well as the application of sequencing data to individual organism,species,population and systems biology.Finally,we discuss the challenge of the entomological research in the genomic age.