吸虫塔诱捕的昆虫种类及对麦蚜的监测效果研究

Research on the effectiveness of suction trapping insects and monitoring populations of wheat aphids

在河南省原阳县河南省农科院试验基地安装了吸虫塔(suction trap),2009-2010连续2年在该地区进行了昆虫诱捕及麦蚜监测,并对诱捕到的麦蚜数量动态,以及吸虫塔和黄色粘板监测的比较进行了分析。结果显示:该吸虫塔对多种小型昆虫有很好的诱捕效果,在2009年和2010年分别诱捕到了8目39科58种和8目37科61种的小型昆虫,数量较多的主要集中在双翅目、半翅目、膜翅目等。该吸虫塔对麦蚜起到了很好的监测效果,2009年麦蚜始见期比2010年早,2009年麦蚜的优势种为禾谷缢管蚜Rhopalosiphum padi(L.),2010年是荻草谷网蚜Sitobion miscanthi(Takahashi),2009年麦蚜大量发生和高峰期出现的较早,禾谷缢管蚜分别在5月1日,5月13日,5月19日到达高峰,5月19日以后数量急剧减少;2010年麦蚜大量发生和高峰期出现的相对较晚,荻草谷网蚜在5月3日、5月7日、5月19日和5月31日出现4个高峰,5月31日以后蚜量才骤减。对白天不同时段诱捕的蚜量分析可知,麦蚜在早晨和傍晚飞翔活动相对较强。吸虫塔与黄色粘板监测的相关性分析表明,吸虫塔诱集麦蚜的数量动态与黄板诱集的数量动态趋势基本一致,吸虫塔诱蚜量与黄板蚜量具有较好的相关性,但吸虫塔诱集麦蚜出现高峰期早于黄色粘板。

A suction trap was installed at the Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences proving ground in Henan Province.Insect populations were investigated and the quantitative population dynamics of wheat aphids was monitored in 2009 and 2010.The results show that suction traps were very effective at trapping various small insects.Fifty-eight species from 8 orders and 39 families,and 61 species from 8 orders and 37 families,of small insects were trapped in 2009 and 2010,respectively.Suction traps were also effective at monitoring wheat aphids.Wheat aphids were detected earlier in 2009 than in 2010.The dominant species in 2009 was Rhopalosiphum padi（L.） ,but Sitobion miscanthi（Takahashi） was the dominant species in 2010.In 2009,three clear peaks of abundance were apparent;on May 1th,May 13th,and May 19th,with an abrupt reduction in numbers after May 19th.In 2010,the peaks of abundance occurred later,with four clear peaks of abundance on May 3th,May 13th,May 19thand May 31th.The quantity of aphids caught at different times during daytime was analyzed.The results show that wheat aphids fly relatively strongly in the morning and evening.Comparison of the numbers of aphids caught in the suction trap and in yellow sticky card traps indicates that peak captures in the two kinds of traps were coincident,however,peak captures of wheat alate aphids occurred earlier in the suction trap than in yellow sticky card traps.