干细胞移植豚鼠耳蜗形态结构及听力的变化

Influence of stem cells transplantation on cochlear structure and hearing function of guinea pigs

HGC5PecRA背景:既往研究证明耳蜗微造孔注射病毒或非病毒载体行基因治疗对耳蜗结构及听功能的影响轻微。目的:观察骨髓间充质干细胞通过耳蜗微造孔术移植到正常豚鼠内耳后对耳蜗结构及听功能的影响。方法:正常豚鼠分3组,空白对照组未予任何干预;单纯耳蜗微造孔术组单纯行耳蜗微造孔术,不注射任何成分;骨髓间充质干细胞组鼓阶微造孔后注射经DAPI荧光标记的骨髓间充质干细胞。结果与结论:单纯耳蜗微造孔术组、骨髓间充质干细胞组经耳蜗微造孔术后7d的听性脑干诱发电位阈值均较空白对照组提高,术后28d恢复至正常水平;耳蜗石蜡切片苏木精-伊红染色显示实验动物耳蜗内结构无明显异常改变。骨髓间充质干细胞组耳蜗切片可见荧光信号多分布于耳蜗底周的外淋巴腔(鼓阶和前庭阶),无堆积堵塞管腔情况。结果表明经鼓阶开窗行骨髓间充质干细胞移植对耳蜗形态结构和听力的影响是轻微的,干细胞移植后能在耳蜗内迁移并存活。

BACKGROUND： It has been proved that the influence to cochlear structure and hearing function is mild after gene therapy by virus or non-virus vector via cochlear micro-windowing. OBJECTIVE： To explore the changes in function and structure of recipients inner ear of the normal guinea pigs by transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells （BMMSCs） via cochlear micro-windowing. METHODS： The normal guinea pigs were divided into three groups randomly. Group 1 served as a negative control without any intervention, group 2 were performed micro-windowing without any injection, and group 3 were injected BMMSCs labeled by DAPI. Preoperative and postoperative ABR audibility thresholds were compared between and within groups. Cochlear structures were evaluated by microscopic examination of paraffin sections cut after hematoxylin-eosin staining. The distribution and survival of transplanted cells was evaluated by fluorescence microscope. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： Auditory brainstem response thresholds elevated significantly 7 days after operation in group 2 and group 3 as compared with group 1, but recovered within 28 days. No distinct structural alternations were found in cochlear paraffin sections. Most transplanted cells were found in the scala tympani and scala vestibule. The influence to hearing function and cochlear structure was mild after transplantation of BMMSCs via cochlear micro-windowing. The grafted cells could survive in the cochleas and had the potential to migrate.