医务人员心理资本、社会支持与心理健康的关系

Relationships among psychological capital,social support and mental health of medical staffs

目的探讨医务人员心理资本、社会支持与心理健康的关系。方法依据方便取样的原则，采用心理资本量表（PCQ-24）、社会支持评定量表（SSRS）及症状自评量表（SCL-90），对河北省某三甲医院101名医务人员进行调查。结果①心理资本的自我效能、希望、韧性及乐观得分分别为[（3．73±0．58）分，（3．59±0．60）分，（3．81±0．49）分，（3．70±0．32）分]，均在中点以上，各维度之间差异具有显著性（P〈0．05）。医生自我效能得分高于护士[分别为（3．92±0．66）分，（3．59±0．48）分]，差异具有显著性（P〈0．05）。不同受教育程度医务人员自我效能有统计学差异（F=2．53，P〈0．05）。②心理资本与SCL-90各因子呈负相关（P〈0．01或P〈0．05），社会支持与SCL-90部分因子呈负相关（P〈0．05）。③心理资本能显著负向预测SCL-90因子。结论心理资本与医务人员心理健康密切相关，而社会支持对心理健康无明显影响。

Objective To explore the relationships among psychological capital, social support and mental health of medical staffs. Methods According to convenience sampling principle, 101 medical staffs from one three-grade class A hospital in Hebei participated in the study. They were investigated with questionnaires such as Psychological Capital Questionnaire （ PCQ-24）, Social Support Rating Scale （SSRS） and Symptom Checklist 90 （SCL-90）. Results （1）The scores of self-efficacy, hope, resilience and optimism were （ 3.73 ± 0.58 ）, （ 3.59 ± 0.60） , （ 3.81 ± 0.49） , （ 3.70 ±0.32） , all of which are higher than middle points. There were statistic difference in four subseales of psychological capital（P 〈 0.05 ）. Compared with nurses, doctors scored higher in self-efficacy （ （ 3.92 ± 0.66） , （ 3.59 ± 0.48 ） ）. The difference was significant （P 〈 0.05 ）. Among different educational background there were also statistic differences （P 〈 0.05 ）. （2）Psychological capital was negatively related to the whole factors of SCL-90 （P 〈 0.01, or P 〈 0.05 ） , however, social support was negatively related to only part of it （P 〈 0. 05 ）. （3）Psychological capital could negatively predict mental health（P 〈 0. 01 or P 〈0. 05 ）. Conclusion This research outlines a strong relationship between psychological capital and mental health of medical staffs. But social support has no a significant impact on mental health.