大学生职业倾向与人格特点心理健康状况的相关研究

Effect of personality characteristics and mental health of university students on the career orientation

目的探讨大学生人恪特点、心理健康状况与大学生职业倾向的相关关系，揭示影响大学生职业倾向和职业选择的人格因素和心健康状况。方法采用整群随机抽取的原则，对江西省三所高校文、理、医类专业学生501人，施以霍兰德职业倾向测试、SCL-90测试和卡特尔16PF人格测试。采用LIS—REE8．70建立结构方程模型，SPSS13．0进行相关分析、方差分析和t值检验。结果（1）大学生选择职业类型的比例分别为：社会型36％，管理型18％，常规型17％，现实型14％，研究型9％，艺术型6％；（2）人格特点和心理健康状况对职业倾向的影响为分别0．63和0．44，两者之间的相互影响程度为0．56。三者之间具有中等程度的相关性。结论大学生人格特点和心理健康状况是其职业倾向和决策的重要影响因素，大学生就业心理指导必须重视大学生短期心理健康状况和长期健全人格的培养。

Objective To explore the effects of personality characteristics and mental health of students on the career orientation. Methods The method of stratified random sampling was used in three universities of Jiangxi province. 501 subjects of Arts, Science and Medical Seienee were tested with Holland career orientation test,symptom cheek list（SCL-90） and 16 personality factors （16PF）. Structure validity analysis, analysis of variance and t -value test were employed with LISRELS. 70 and SPSSI3.0. Results （ 1 ） The proportion of students ehoosed the type of occupation were ： social type 36% , management type 18% , conventional type 17% , reality type 14% ,investigation type 9% , artistic type 6% ; （2） Career orientation,personality characteristics and mental health had moderate effect on the career orientation. The correlation coefficients of personality characteristics and mental health to the vocational orientation were 0.63 and 0.44. The interaction correlation coefficient was 0.56. Conclusion Personality characteristics and mental health of college students are important factors to the career orientation and deeision-making of job seeking. The personality has stronger explanatory power than mental health. Great emphasis should be paid on both short-term psychological health of college students and long-term cultivation of healthy personality in the employment psychological guidance.