试论俄国形式主义批评的发展

与传统文艺批评不同,诞生于20世纪初的俄国形式主义批评变革性地将研究重点转移到文本上来,对后来的文艺批评产生了深远而重大的影响。笔者试从形式主义诞生的背景入手,展示该流派在鼎盛时期其代表人物如什克洛夫斯基、雅各布森等的批评理论和贡献,并简要说明形式主义对其他流派的影响。

Different from the traditional literary criticism, Russian Formalism shifted the focus of literary study to the text revolutionarily. This shift brought forth profound influence to the following criticism. The writer tries to start from the background of Russian Formalism, displaying the critical theory and contribution of its representatives such as Viktor Shklovsky and Roman Jakobson and also its impact on other critical groups.