中国三地区人成熟母乳脂肪酸含量的研究

Fatty acid composition of mature human milk in three regions of China

目的分析中国处于三个不同地理环境地区的母体成熟乳中脂肪酸含量的差异。方法选取江苏句容(河湖地区)、山东日照(沿海地区)和河北徐水(内陆地区)三地,每地区募集40～50名健康产妇,于产后第28天采集母乳,Folch法提取其中脂肪,气相色谱法分析其中31种脂肪酸构成及含量。结果句容,日照和徐水分别募集到47、50和46名受试者,各地成熟乳中饱和脂肪酸(SFA)、单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)、n-6多不饱和脂肪酸(n-6PUFA)和n-3多不饱和脂肪酸(n-3PUFA)的主要成份均分别为C16∶0、C18∶1 n-9cis、C18∶2 n-6 cis和C18∶3 n-3。三地区成熟乳中花生四烯酸(ARA)百分含量中位数分别为0.72%、0.63%和0.63%;二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)分别为0.41%、0.47%和0.24%。三地区总乳脂含量中位数分别为4.47、1.50和3.91g/100g母乳;其总脂肪酸含量中位数分别为3934、1319和3437mg/100g母乳,日照总乳脂含量和总脂肪酸含量显著低于另两地区。结论母体成熟乳中脂肪酸含量及构成存在显著地区差异性。

Objective To analyse the fatty acid composition of mature human milk in three different geographical positions of China.Method Chinese women were recruited from three regions during their pregnancy.The regions closed to freshwater river/lake（Jurong）,coastal（Rizhao）and inland（Xushui）.Mature milk samples were collected on the 28th day of lactation,31 kinds of fatty acids were separated and quantified by gas-chromatographic method.Results The median of total lipids in 100g of milk were 4.47g in 47 women from Jurong,1.50g in 50 women from Rizhao and 3.91g in 46 women from Xushui.The median of total fatty acids were 3934,1319 and 3437 mg/100g milk respectively.Total lipids and total fatty acids from Rizhao region milk samples were significantly lower than those from other two regions.The main fatty acids of SFA,MUFA,n-6PUFA and n-3PUFA in three regions were C16∶0,C18∶1 n-9 cis,C18∶2 n-6 cis and C18∶3 n-3 respectively.The median of the percentage of ARA in total fatty acid were 0.72%,0.63% and 0.63%,respectively.The median of the percentage of DHA in total fatty acid were 0.41%,0.47% and 0.24%,respectively.Conclusion There is significant difference among fatty acid composition of mature human milk from women live in the three different geographical positions,which could be caused by different dietary habits amomg regions.