大戟科大戟属根类中药的毒性研究进展

Research Progress on Toxicity of Medicinal Plants of Euphorbia

对大戟科大戟属根类有毒中药的毒性方面研究进行文献整理和分析。利用CNKI,PubMed,维普资讯等数据库,对近30年以内的关于京大戟、甘遂、狼毒的研究文献进行整理,共引用47篇文献。发现3种大戟属根类有毒中药其毒性成分均为萜类成分,且含有大量酯键;京大戟、甘遂中均存在巨大戟二萜醇型化合物,京大戟、狼毒中均发现松香烷内酯型化合物;临床上均可泻下逐水,治疗各类水肿;因有毒均常用醋制法对其炮制解毒。同科同属的根类有毒中药存在很多共同点,从共性毒性成分出发研究炮制解毒机制,可同时解决整个大戟科大戟属的毒性难题。

To organize and analyze relative literatures about research progress on the toxicity of medicinal plants of E.Based on CNKI,PubMed and CQVIP databases,this paper collected literatures on E.kansui,E.ebracteolata,E.fischeriana and E.pekinensis in the three decades,including 49 references.Toxic ingredients in three Euphorbia were chemical constituents of terpenoids and contained a large number of ester bonds.Euphorbia kansui and pekinensis both had Ingenane diterpenoids.Abietane type diterpenoids were also found in Euphorbia ebracteolata,fischeriana and pekinensis simultaneously.Three Euphorbia could drain and precipate to expel water and be the treatment of edema.They were usually processed with vinegar in clinical application to reduce the toxicity.Traditional Chinese medicine from same family and genera has the common features.The toxicity problem of Euphorbia could be solved by studing processing detoxin mechanism according to common chemical constituents of toxicity.