沃勒斯坦世界体系理论的价值及其困境

Wallerstein's World-Systems Theory:Its Value and Embarrassment

20世纪70年代,美国学者沃勒斯坦创立的世界体系理论在学术界产生了巨大反响。作为历史导向的马克思主义理论,它把世界体系分析与马克思主义结合起来,丰富了对马克思主义理论的理解。由于缺乏一套科学的社会历史理论,沃勒斯坦在重建世界体系的努力中陷入了悲观主义和历史虚无主义的困境。现从沃勒斯坦世界体系理论的思想渊源入手,在唯物史观的视域下审视世界体系理论的当代价值和内在困境,从总体上把握世界体系分析范式的合理内核和内在启示,进而彰显马克思主义理论强大生命力。它为全面认识社会发展问题提供了重要思路,也为全球化背景下探寻适合发展中国家自身的现代化模式提供了借鉴。

In the 1970s, the world - systems theory created by the U.S. scholar Wallerstein had immense significance to the academic community. As a history - oriented Marxist theory, it integrated world - systems analysis with Marxism, enriching the understanding of Marxist theory. Due to the lack of a set of scientific theory on social history, Wallerstein had trapped himself in pessimism and historical nihilism. The author discussed Wallerstein＇s world -systems theory from its idealistic origin, examined its contemporary value and inner embarrassment from the perspective of historical materialism, grasped the reasonable core and internal enlightenment of its analysis paradigm in an all -round way, and thereby highlighted the potentially -wide application of Marxist theory. The theory provided a key to wholly understanding social development as well as a reference for developing countries to explore their own modernization mode in globalization.