劳动就业政策变革的现实性分析

Practical Analysis on the Reform of Labor and Employment Policy

劳动就业政策的变革,除了要与本国的历史文化和制度基础相适应,并进行互补性与综合性等相关制度设计以外,还应当具有政治可行性。其中,互补性与综合性主要表现为就业保护与社会保护之间的互补性、消极的与积极的劳动力市场政策之间的互补性、税收与失业救济之间的互补性、经济性互补与政治性互补之间的互补性等;政治可行性的核心是各社会群体之间利益的平衡。就业保护的政治性支持与"租"的存在、劳动力市场僵化的政治性支持与"失业的自我强化机制"、劳动力市场边缘灵活化改革的政治性支持与中位选民的变化、积极的劳动力市场政策的税收与暴露效应等是劳动就业政策变革政治可行性的集中体现与决定因素。

Besides its gearing into the history, culture and system basis of our country, labor and employment policy should take into consideration complement and comprehensiveness as well as political feasibility. Among them, complement and comprehensiveness are mainly represented between protection, between negative and positive labor market policies, between compensation, economic complement and political complement; the core of employment protection and social tax collection and unemployment political feasibility means the bal- ance of interests among social groups. In addition, the embodiment and decision factor of reform politics in la- bor and employment policy are also shown in the political support of employment protection and the existence of ＂renting＂, the political support of labor market ossification and the ＂ self - reinforcement of unemployment＂, the political support of flexible reform on labor market and the changes of neutral electorates, the positive revenue of labor market policy and the exposure effect, etc.