医疗改革对我国卫生行业绩效的影响——基于三阶段DEA模型的实证分析

Impact of Medicare Reform on the Efficiency of Medical Services in China: An Empirical Analysis Based on the Three-Stage DEA

我国医疗卫生体制改革始于20世纪80年代,改革所带来的医疗政策变化对卫生行业的医疗供给效率产生显著的影响。利用三阶段DEA方法可对1985-2009年我国卫生行业医疗供给效率进行测度,并分析其变化的政策影响因素。结果表明,医疗供给效率经历了1985-1992年的改善、1993-2002年的低位徘徊和2003-2009年的持续改善三个阶段,效率变化过程体现了明显的政策效应。政策剥离的分析更能反映卫生行业实际经营状况的医疗供给效率,证实了医疗卫生领域存在市场失灵问题。我国政府应通过逐年加大财政卫生支出等措施,引导、扶持广大社会成员实现自我健康关怀,在促进公平性与改善医疗供给效率的同时,不断提高全民健康水平。

China＇ s medical reform began in the 1980s and it has brought about changes in Chinese medical policy which have a signifieant impact on the efficiency of medical service suppliers （ MSS ）. By using the three-stage DEA, this study measures MSS efficiency in China from 1985 to 2009 and analyzes policy factors for the different levels of MSS efficiency. It is discovered that MSS efficiency went through three phases ： improvement （1985-1992 ）, slow development {1993-2002） , and continued improvement （2003-2009） ; and that policy changes had a significant effect on . The research results indicate that efficiencies of medical services supply have experienced three periods： improving period from 1985 to 1992, low level period from 1993 to 2002 and sustained improving period from 2003 to 2009, effects of police factors are significant in the process of efficiencies change; new efficiency scores are achieved that can reflect more actual management level of medical sector by parting effects of medical system reform away, and it is proved that marketization reform isn＇ t fit for medical sector.