基于显性图片命名的不同语系语言间非对称转码耗损的ERP研究

ERP Study on Asymmetrical Switch Cost:Switching Between Languages in Different Language Families

本文选择非平衡汉-英双语者完成显性图片命名任务,通过ERP实验研究了属于不同语系的两种语言间的转码耗损现象。行为数据分析发现:短准备间隔条件下,一语转码耗损比二语大;长准备间隔条件下,转码耗损对称。除一语重复外,其它条件下均存在准备间隔效应。此发现与一语重复效应理论一致。ERP数据分析发现:转码反应中,短准备间隔条件下的N2效应比长准备间隔条件下大,这说明短准备间隔条件下两种语言之间的冲突比长准备间隔条件下大。因此,短准备间隔条件下,需要克服更多的冲突,语码转换更困难,所需要的反应时间更长。

This paper explores switch between two languages that belong to different language families by asking unbalanced Chinese-English bilinguals to finish the task of overt picture naming in ERP experiment. The analysis of behavioral data shows that under the condition of short preparation interval, the switch cost of first language is larger than that of second language; under the condition of long preparation interval, switch costs of first language and second language are symmetrical. Besides, the effect of prepa- ration interval exists under all the conditions in the experiment except first language repeat. The above finding is identical with the first language repeat benefit hypothesis. The analysis of ERP data shows that N2 effect under the condition of short preparation interval is larger than that under the condition of long preparation interval in switch responses. Therefore, under the condition of short preparation interval, more conflict is involved in language selection and longer response time is needed to finish the task of lan- guage switch.