身体活动对老年认知功能的影响

The Effect of Physical Activity on Cognitive Function in Older Adults

如何促进老年人的认知功能,延缓认知老化,是老年心理学的关键课题之一。大量研究表明不同的身体活动类型、活动强度、活动量以及生命早期的身体活动可能对老年人认知功能的各个方面有积极的影响,包括执行功能、注意力、认知速度、记忆力等。此外,选择性提高假说、心血管功能假说以及认知-锻炼模型用来解释这一影响机制。这些发现对维护老年人认知功能,提高老年人的生命质量,有效延缓衰老有着重要的意义。

How to preserve or improve cognitive function in later life and slow down the process of aging effectively has become an important public health goal. A great deal of research indicated that the different types, intensity and volume of physical activity and the midlife physical activity had influenced on cognition of older adults positively, such as executive function, attention, process speed, memory and so on. In addition, the selectively improvement hypothesis, cardiovascular fitness hypothesis and physical activity/exercise-cognition model were used to explain the mechanism of the effect. All these findings have great significance for the preservation of cognitive function and the improvement of life quality of older adults, and delayed aging effectively.