广州市萝岗区托幼园所保教人员儿童意外伤害认知调查分析

Analysis of awareness of kindergarten teaching staff on children＇s unintentional injuries in Luogang district of Guangzhou City

目的 了解广州市萝岗区托幼园所保教人员预防儿童意外伤害知识态度行为现状,为制定减少园内意外伤害有效干预措施提供依据.方法 随机选取10个托幼园所中全体保教人员进行意外伤害知识态度行为问卷调查.结果 保教人员对意外伤害知识掌握不全面,伤害知识来源途径与希望获得途径存在较大差异,教师在保护儿童避免伤害认知方面明显高于保育员.教师在＂儿童在园会发生意外伤害＂、＂儿童自我保护意识弱＂、＂儿童可以避免发生意外伤害＂、＂合理预防可减少儿童意外伤害发生＂方面的认知水平高于保育员（χ2值分别为87.306、72.523、27.921、18.875,均P〈0.05）.保教人员担心发生伤害,认为伤害是严重的公共卫生问题,认为预防伤害与政府、学校、个人均有关.有94.97%的保教人员认为现场培训是效果最佳的培训形式.结论 加强对托幼机构教职员工的安全意识教育,提高对儿童意外伤害的预防和现场急救基本能力,应大力开展急救培训,尤其应加强对保育员的培训,以降低儿童伤害发生率.

Objective To understand the situation of knowledge, attitude and practice of teaching staff on children＇s unintentional injuries so as to provide evidence for exploring effective intervention measures to reduce the injuries. Methods All of the teaching staff in 10 kindergartens randomly selected in Luogang district were investigated on their knowledge, attitude and practice with questionnaires. Results Teaching staff didn＇t obtain enough knowledge on unintentional injuries, and there was great difference between the ways and the wanted ways of obtaining relevant knowledge. Teachers had higher cognition on avoiding children＇ s unintentional injuries than nursery governess. The cognition on ＂unintentional injuries might occur in kindergarten＂, ＂children＇ s self-protection consciousness is weak＂, ＂unintentional injuries can be avoided in children＂, and ＂reasonable prevention can reduce unintentional injuries＂ was higher in teachers than in nursery governess （X2 was 87. 306, 72： 523, 27. 921 and 18. 875 respectively, all P 〈 0.05 ）. Teaching staff worried about the incidence of unintentional injuries, and they thought that injuries were serious public health problems and the prevention of them concerned with the government, school and individuals. 94.97% of teaching staff considered training on the spot as the best form. Conclusion The awareness of kindergarten faculty on security should be strengthened, and intervention and first aid ability on unintentional injuries should be improved. It is imperative to carry out first aid training, especially to enforce the training on nursery governess so as to reduce the incidence of injuries in children.