北京市西城区256例育龄妇女死亡原因分析

An analysis on death causes of 256 reproductive women in Xicheng district of Beijing

目的 了解北京市西城区育龄妇女主要死因,为制订育龄妇女疾病防治政策提供科学依据.方法 收集2006至2010年西城区育龄妇女死亡资料,并计算粗死亡率、死因别死亡率和死因构成、年龄别死因构成等指标.结果 2006至2010年西城区育龄妇女总死亡率为25.84/10万,前5位死因依次为恶性肿瘤、循环系统疾病、损伤、中毒和外因（意外伤害和自杀等）、原因不明、肌肉骨骼和结缔组织疾病,死因别死亡率在1.11/10万~12.62/10万之间.不同年份育龄妇女的死因顺位并不完全相同,但不同时期育龄妇女第1位的死因始终是恶性肿瘤、循环系统疾病,由20~29岁、30~39岁、45~49岁的第4位逐渐上升至第2位;乳腺癌、消化系统癌症、生殖系统恶性肿瘤是西城区育龄妇女前3位的肿瘤死因.交通事故、自杀是西城区育龄妇女损伤、中毒和外因死亡类别的前2位.结论 应根据西城区育龄妇女自身的死亡特点,制定有针对性的疾病防治策略.

Objective To explore the main death causes of reproductive women in Xicheng district and provide scientific evidence for preventive policies. Methods Death data of reproductive women was collected from annual death report of Xicheug residents, and the crude death rate,cause-specific death rate and proportional mortality rate, age-specific proportional mortality rate were calculated. Results The crude death rate of reproductive women was 25.84/ 100 000 in Xicheng district from 2006 to 2010. The top five causes of death were maligant neoplasms, diseases of the circulatory system, injury and poisoning and certain other consequences of external cause （ unintentiond injury and suicide） ,unknown aetiology, diseases of musculoskeletal system and connective tissue. Specific death rate arranged from 1.11/ 100 000 to 12.62/100 000. The rank of death causes of reproductive women wash＇ t absolutely same in different years,but the first cause was always maligant neoplasms. The rank of diseases of the circulatory system rose gradually from 4th to 2nd in 20-29,30-39 and 45-49 year-old women. The top three death causes of malignant tumors were of breast, the digestive system, and the genital system. The top two external causes of injury and poisoning were traffic accidents and suicide in the reproductive women in Xicheng district. Conclusion It is important to make special health policies for the reproductive women according to their death causes in Xicheng district.