试论中国当代城市化进程中的行政区划“逆向调整”现象——以永康市芝英镇的行政区划调整过程为例

STUDY ON THE PHENOMENON OF REVERSE ADJ USTMENT OF ADMINISTRATIVE DIVISION DURING THE PROCESS OF URBANIZATION IN CONTEMPORARY CHINA——A CASE STUDY OF ZHIYING TOWN,YONGKANG CITY

中国1980年代以来的行政区划调整,主要出于配合加速城市化战略的需要,因而多以增设市、镇建制(如撤县设市、撤(并)乡(镇)设镇),以及撤县(市)设区、撤乡(镇)设街道等形式出现。但近年来,个别地区也出现了相反的情形,即将已经撤并的县、市、区或镇、乡、街道重新分立,或将已经改设为街道的地区重新恢复为镇的建制。浙江省永康市芝英镇从2001年改设街道又至2009年重新恢复为镇的行政区划调整过程,就是一个乡镇层面行政区划"逆向调整"的典型案例。文章以永康市"2008行政区划调整方案"调研论证的过程为例,详细论述了芝英地区设街道以来所存在的问题以及应该改"街"为"镇"的原因,阐明了进行调整的必要性与可行性,并在此基础上进行了一系列深入思考,对行政区划的"逆向调整"现象出现的原因、"逆向调整"中所需注意的问题等进行了分析。

The main methods of the adjustment of administrative division are,due to the need of speeding the process of urbanization,establishing more cities（Shi）,towns（Zhen）,districts directly governed by city（Qu） or Jiedao,from 1979 on in China.But in recent years,there appeared some opposite situation in some areas;namely, some counties,cities or districts were established once again after the annexation,or some areas which were changed from town（Zhen） to Jiedao before,were changed from Jiedao to town（Zhen） once again.We can define such phenomenon as the reverse adjustment of administrative division.The process of the adjustment of administrative division of Zhiying Town,Yongkang City,which in 2001 was changed from Town to Jiedao and in 2009 was changed again from Jiedao to Town,is a typical case of such reverse adjustment.This article takes the research process of the adjustment plan of administrative division of Yongkang City in 2008 as an example,gives a detailed introduction to the problems which existed under the system of Jiedao,and analyses the necessity and feasibility of such adjustment.On the basis of the case study,the authors analyze the causes of such reverse adjustment phenomenon of administrative division in contemporary China.