北京DRC空间约束下的企业网络特征与创新能力关系分析

AN ANALYSIS OF THE RELATION BETWEEN THE ENTERPRISE NETWORK CHARACTERISTICS AND THEIR INNOVATION CAPABILITIES IN THE SPACE OF DRC ON BEIJING

有研究认为创意企业之间的互动影响企业的创新能力,然而企业之间互动是否受空间因素的影响,尚需要地理学家讨论。选择北京市设计创意产业基地(Design,Resource,Cooperation,简称DRC),调查其内部企业之间的网络特征,目的在于探究在这样尺度的空间单元中,企业之间便利的互动条件是否能够促进企业的创新能力。运用社会网络分析软件,度量了DRC内部全部创意企业之间的网络特征,并以之作为自变量,统计了这些网络特征与工业设计企业创新能力的相关性。研究结论如下:第一,相对狭小的园区规模对企业网络发育有正负两方面的影响;第二,位于企业网络中较好位置的企业其创新能力也较强。本研究有两点讨论:第一,本研究没有考虑已孵化成功并迁出的企业,它们或许与位于网络之外的企业有密切联系;第二,虽然园区目前的空间范围不利于企业网络发育,从而影响企业创新,但是园区扩大到多大才不至于降低企业邻近性、增加企业间物理空间沟通成本,有待未来研究。

Many research works claim that interaction of enterprises foster their creative capability.The interest of geographers on this topic orientates to spatial factors related to creative capability.Many creative parks in China make the space that creative people there have lower cost of communication.This paper discusses if the communication is effective for innovation.This paper bases on a survey at DRC,a industrial design park in Beijing.It shows the characteristics of enterprises network and its aim is answering if the convenient communication benefit creative capability in such spatial scale.The characteristics come from the analysis result by UCINET,a social network analysis software.The correlation analysis result of network features of enterprises and their creative capability comes from SPSS.This paper concludes that：Firstly,the enterprises network developed in such size of creative park has both positive and negative effects.Secondly,the enterprise taking better location in the network has more capability of innovation.Two points need to be discussed in the future： First,the relation between the separated enterprises and enterprises hatched in the park and then moved out. Second,how large of a creative park would increase the communication cost of enterprises within the park obviously.