字件和标符探究

Research on Zijian(字件) and Graphotactic Symbol

汉字学研究需要建立"字件"、"标符"等科学规范的专门术语。部件是指对今汉字的外部结构进行平面分析的构形单位;字件是对今汉字的外部结构进行层次分析的直接构形单位。标符是字符的一种,它与整字的意义和读音都没有联系,迄今汉字学界绝大部分学者称之为"记号"。汉字学中的记号不仅指今汉字体系符号,也可以指汉字的结构单位,两者容易混淆。标符比记号更科学,它与音符、意符相一致,实现了术语名称的规范统一。

In the research of the modern Chinese philology,the scientificity and standardization of the terminologies should be established,such as Zijian（字件）,Graphotactic Symbol,etc.The component is the unit of configuration which can be used to analyze the exterior of modern Chinese characters ectally;Zijian（字件） is the unit of configuration which can be used to analyze the exterior of modern Chinese characters,step by step.Graphotactic Symbol is a kind of the character;it is not the case with the meaning and the pronunciation of the word;and it is called Mark by most of the scholars nowadays.However,for Chinese philology,Mark means not only a symbology of modern Chinese characters,but also a structural unit,and the two can be easily confused.Therefore,Graphotactic Symbol is more scientific and normal than Mark,it makes the standardization come true,in accordance with the terminologies as Phonogram and Semanteme.