夏季发酵床饲养模式对断奶仔猪生长性能、血清生化指标及猪舍环境的影响

Effects of Deep-Litter Systems on Growth Performance,Biochemical Parameters and Swine House Environment in Weaned Piglets in Summer

【目的】观察夏季发酵床饲养模式对断奶仔猪生长性能、血清生化指标及猪舍环境的影响,为发酵床饲养模式在南方地区推广提供理论依据。【方法】选用(28±3)日龄、体重(8.4±0.2)kg的断奶仔猪母猪300头,按密度一致原则随机分为高床饲养组(traditional concrete-based house,TCBH)和发酵床饲养组(deep-litter house,DLH),每个组5个重复,每个重复30头猪。试验期42 d,测定各组仔猪的生长性能及猪舍内温度和相对湿度。分别于试验第15、29和43天时,每个重复选取4头仔猪,采血分离血清,测定血清生化指标;分别测定第29—35和36—42天猪舍内氨气浓度。【结果】在1—14、1—28和1—42 d时,发酵床组平均日增重显著高于高床组(P<0.05),腹泻率显著低于高床组(P<0.05);发酵床组和高床组平均日采食量无显著性差异(P>0.05);在7:00时,发酵床猪舍内氨气浓度显著低于高床组(P<0.05);在整个试验期间,发酵床组与高床组猪舍内温度和相对湿度无显著性差异(P>0.05);在第15和29天时,发酵床组猪血清谷丙转氨酶活性显著低于高床组(P<0.05),发酵床组和高床组猪血清谷草转氨酶和碱性磷酸酶活性无显著性差异(P>0.05);发酵床组猪血清甘油三酯和血糖含量在不同时间点均显著低于高床组(P<0.05)。【结论】在本试验条件下,南方夏季高温高湿季节发酵床饲养模式能够降低断奶仔猪血清中谷丙转氨酶活性,降低血清中甘油三酯和血糖含量,对断奶仔猪生长性能和猪舍环境没有不利影响。

【Objective】The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of deep-litter systems on growth performance,biochemical parameters and swine house in weaned piglets in summer.【Method】A total of 300 piglets weaned at（28±3） days of age were randomly allocated into 2 treatments： traditional concrete-based house（TCBH） and deep-litter house（DLH）.There were five replicates for each treatment and thirty piglets in each replicate.The experiment was lasted for 42 days.Body weights and feed intakes were measured every 14 days through the study.Temperature and relative humidity were measured every day.Blood samples were collected from four piglets from each replicate for biochemical parameters assay on the 15th,29th and 43rd days.Air samples were collected for determination of the ammonia concentration in house from 29th to 35th days and from 36th to 42nd days.【Result】Average daily gain（ADG） of piglets in DLH group was higher（P0.05） compared with the TCBH group.Diarrhea ratio of piglets in DLH group was lower than those of TCBH group（P0.05） from 1st to 14th,1st to 28th and 1st to 42nd days.There was no significant difference in average daily feed intake（ADFI） between the TCBH group and DLH group.Ammonia concentration in DLH group was lower（P0.05） compared with the TCBH group at 7：00 clock during the experiment days.There was no significant difference in air temperature and relative humidity between the TCBH group and DLH group（P0.05）.On the 14th and 28th days,the activity of alanine transarninase（ALT） in serum of DLH group was lower than that of TCBH group（P0.05）,there was no significant difference in glutamic-oxal（o）acetic transaminase（AST） and alkaline phosphatase（ALP） activities in serum between the TCBH group and DLH group（P0.05）.The content of glucose（GLU） and triglycerides（TG） in serum of DLH group was lower than that of TCBH group（P0.05） on 15th,29th,and 43rd days.【Conclusion】The results demonstrated that deep-litter systems could decrease the activity ALT and decrease the content of TG and GLU in serum in summer.Deep-litter systems,which had no negative effect on growth performance of piglets and swine house environment,was suitable for weaned piglets production under the conditions of this experiment.