纯电动汽车车架设计及有限元分析

Design and finite element analysis on electric vehicle carriage

车架是电动汽车整车的主要受力基体部分,其受力状态复杂、设计难度较大,采用有限元方法可以对车架的静动态特性进行较为准确的分析,对车架结构设计提供指导。在采用铝合金材料的低速纯电动汽车轻量化车架的设计中,分别运用Catia造型软件和HyperMesh前处理软件建立了车架的三维实体模型和有限元前处理模型,利用ANSYS软件对所设计的车架进行了强度刚度分析、模态分析。通过分析计算,验证了车架的强度要求,找出了车架中局部变形和应力过大区域,为车架结构改进提供了重要依据。

Electric vehicle carriage is a vehicle＇s main bearing component,which bearing state is complex,and is difficult to design.Therefore a finite element method is proposed to be applied in the static and dynamic analysis which will provide guidance in design of carriage structure.In designing low speed light weight carriage for electric vehicle with aluminum alloy,by applying Catia modeling software and HyperMesh software a three-dimensional solid model and a finite element processing model were built separately.Then the strength and modal analysis were carried out with ANSYS software.Through analysis,the strength requirements are verified and the parts with severe local deformation and stress are found,which provides an important basis for carriage structure improvement.