异形真空室壳体的结构强度分析

Structural strength analysis for an alien vacuum shell

异形真空薄壳结构在航天、航空产品中的应用越来越广泛,基于减重和可靠性考虑,需要对这一类承受负压的压力容器进行结构强度分析和优化设计。首先应用基于经验的规则设计方法对该结构进行了强度校核。进一步,利用有限元分析软件HyperMesh、Ansys对该异形壳体建立了整体有限元模型。通过分析设计,证明该结构应力分布合理,并采用参数设计方法得到最优壁厚。从结果来看,基于经验的方法和基于有限元分析的方法得到的强度结果接近,但后一种方法不仅能够给出应力、应变的分布云图,而且在优化设计方面的选择也更加灵活。提到的设计方法对该类负压容器的设计具有一定的借鉴作用。

An alien vacuum shell,which is widely applied in space,aviation products is a kind of pressure vessel under negative pressure,which structural strength analysis and optimal design are required in consideration of its reliability and lightweight.Firstly,the structural strength is tested with an experience rule-based design method.Ulteriorly,the whole finite element model for the alien shell is established through HyperMesh Ansys.Through analyzing and designing,the distribution of stress is proved to be uniform across the shell surface,and the optimal thickness is obtained by adopting Ansys parameter design language（APDL）.From the point of results,the strength obtained from empirical method is close to that from finite element method calculated value,however,the FEM method can not only provide the stress and strain contours,but also the optimal design with more flexible choosing.The design method mentioned in it may be used as a reference for the design of the negative pressure vessels to a certain extent.