论马克思主义对乌托邦的批判及其超越

On Marxist Criticism of Utopia and Its Surpassing

尽管乌托邦一词通常是在与科学社会主义截然对立的意义上使用,马克思主义与乌托邦思想之间存在着的密切关联则是确定的,这种关联性也建构了它们两者之间的二重性关系。马克思主义与乌托邦都有批判现实的一面,但马克思主义不止于批判,它更是变革与实践的哲学。近代乌托邦的历史进步观对马克思的唯物史观产生了深刻影响,但马克思又以具体的、辩证的唯物主义历史进步观克服了它的抽象性。

Although the concept of Utopia is usually defined completely different with scientific socialism,the close correlation between Marxism and Utopianism exists definitely,this correlation also constructs a duality relationship between them.Both Marxism and Utopianism have a function on criticizing the reality,but Marxism is more than on the critique,it is a change and practical philosophy.Modern Utopianism＇s view of historical progressivism had a profound impact on Marx＇s historical materialism,but Marx uses concrete,dialectical materialist view of historical progressivism to overcome its Abstraction.