广州市番禺区老年人高血压保健知识和行为的现状调查

An Investigation on Present Situation of Health Care Knowledge and Behaviour about Hypertension of the Elderly in Guangzhou City Panyu District

目的探讨广州市番禺区老年人高血压保健知识和行为的现状及影响因素。方法选取广州市番禺区2775名年龄大于60岁的老年人为研究对象,采用问卷的形式调查其高血压的保健知识和技能及日常行为习惯。结果高血压相关知识知晓率最高的为"吃盐多会导致血压升高"。与非高血压患者相比,高血压患者"合理膳食的定义"知晓率较低,吸烟危害健康、常见高胆固醇食品、吃盐多会导致血压升高、缺乏体育锻炼易患高血压、高血压的诊断标准、高血压的并发症等知晓率均较高,两组比较差异有显著性(P<0.05);且高血压患者经常参加体育锻炼的比例较低,不吸烟、吸烟者戒烟、饮酒者限酒、采用低盐饮食比例较高,两组比较差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论广州市番禺区老年人高血压保健知识和行为均较好,但是不足之处在于吸烟者戒烟、饮酒者限酒及采用低盐饮食较差,应给予指导。

Objective To explore present situation and influencing factors of health care knowledge and behaviour about hypertension of the elderly in Guangzhou city Panyu district. Methods All of 2775 old adults aged over 60 years in Guangzhou city Panyu district were selected. They were investigated by questionnaire,the content including：health care knowledge,skill anti daily habit about hyper tension. Results ＂Too much salt can increase blood pressure＂ in the health care knowledge about hypertension realizing rate was highest. Compared with people without hypertension, ＂definition of healthy diet＂ was lower,the common cholesterol,too much salt can increase the blood pressure,lack in physical exercises can increase blood pressure, standard of hypertension,hypertension complications were higher,with significant differences （P〈0.05）. The rate of frequently took part in physical exercise in the people with hypertension was lower, non-smoker, smokers break the habit, drinker limit,low salt diet were higher, with significant differences （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Health care knowledge and behaviour about hypertension of the elderly in Guangzhou city Panyu district are good,but some defects in smokers to kick the habit,limiting drink of drinker and low salt diet,we should give them some instruction.