儿童轻度铅中毒中医证型及其分布规律的研究

Study on the Patterns of Chinese Medicine and the Distribution Rule of Children Mild Lead Poisoning

目的研究儿童铅中毒的中医证型及各证型在不同年龄及不同血铅水平的分布。方法借用流行病学的调查方法,对轻度儿童铅中毒的临床症状进行分析,总结该病的中医临床证型,探讨不同中医临床证型的分布规律。结果儿童轻度铅中毒的中医证型可见肝脾不和、湿热内蕴、脾胃虚弱、肺脾气虚、肝肾阴虚、无症状型等。在6岁以下铅中毒幼儿组中,肝脾不和最常见,湿热内蕴、脾胃虚弱和无症状型次之。在6岁以上铅中毒儿童组中,肝脾不和最常见,脾胃虚弱、湿热内蕴次之。Ⅱ-A级铅中毒患儿中,中医证型排列由高至低分别为:肝脾不和、湿热内蕴、脾胃虚弱、无症状型、肺脾气虚、肝肾阴虚。Ⅱ-B级铅中毒患儿中,中医证型排列由高至低分别为:肝脾不和、脾胃虚弱、湿热内蕴、无症状型、肝肾阴虚、肺脾气虚。结论各中医证型在儿童不同年龄和不同血铅水平的分布不同,肝脾不和是儿童轻度铅中毒的主要中医证型。

Objective To study the patterns of Chinese medicine in children lead poisoning and their distributions in terms of age and blood lead level.Methods The epidemiological investigation method was adopted to analyze the clinical symptoms of mild lead poisoning for children so as to summarize the patterns of Chinese medicine of this disease and explore the distribution rule.Results Chinese medicine patterns of mild lead poisoning for children included liver and sleep disharmony,internal retention of damp heat,spleen and stomach deficiency,lung and spleen qi deficiency,liver and kidney yin deficiency,no symptom,etc.In the group under 6 years old,liver and spleen disharmony was the most common pattern;and internal retention of damp heat,spleen and stomach deficiency and no symptom patterns were the second.In the group over 6 years old,liver and spleen disharmony was the most common pattern;and spleen and stomach deficiency and internal retention of damp heat patterns were the second.Among the children with II-A grade lead poisoning,from the top to low,the list of Chinese medicine patterns was：liver and sleep disharmony,internal retention of damp heat,spleen and stomach deficiency,no symptom,lung and spleen qi deficiency and liver and kidney yin deficiency.Among the children with II-B grade lead poisoning,from the top to low,the list of Chinese medicine patterns was：liver and sleep disharmony,spleen and stomach deficiency,internal retention of damp heat,no symptom,liver and kidney yin deficiency and lung and spleen qi deficiency.Conclusion Chinese medicine patterns of mild lead poisoning for children are distributed differently in terms of age and blood lead level,of them,liver and spleen disharmony is the main pattern.