关于动物道德地位的伦理辩护

Ethical Argumentation for the Moral Status of Animals

自20世纪60年代牛津大学的哲学家开始关注农场动物的福利状况和讨论动物权利开始,动物的道德地位问题成为西方生命伦理探讨中最具有争议性的议题。动物解放论、动物权利论和深生态哲学作为三种最有影响力的伦理观点虽然在辩护对象、伦理学基础和现实诉求等方面存在差异,却有着共同的终极理论指向,那就是给予动物和各类自然生命以不同程度的道德关注,构建人类与动物、自然和谐相处的新道德哲学。

Since philosophers from Cambridge begun to pay attention to benefits of farm animals and discussed about animalrights in 1960s, the moral status of animals has been the most controversial topic in Western bioethics. Though the most influentialethical theories including animal rights theory, animal liberation theory and philosophy of deep ecology are different in objects,foundation and actual appeals, they have ultimate theoretical orientation in common, that is to give different levels of moralattentions to animals and other natural species, thus to construct a new morality philosophy which expound the harmoniousrelationship among human beings, animals and the nature.