有序金属纳米壳材料

Ordered Metal Nanoshell Materials

有序金属纳米壳结构特别是有序中空纳米壳及大孔结构兼具了光子晶体和金属纳米壳结构的光学特性,引起了国内外学者的广泛关注。本文详细介绍了有序金属纳米壳材料的制备方法与步骤,主要包括胶体晶模板的组装、所需金属壳层的制备以及胶体晶模板的去除三步,并对各步的制备方法及特点进行了描述。此外,本文还对金属纳米壳有序材料的各种应用进行了综述,简要分析了目前存在的问题并展望了今后该材料的研究方向。

Ordered metal nanostructures such as ordered hollow nanoshells and macroporous nanostructures have attracted great attentions because they have both metal and photonic crystal properties.In this review,we first introduce the methods and main processes of fabricating these metal structures.The fabrication processes mainly include the assembling of template,the deposition of metal shell and the removing of template.All these three processes are reviewed respectively.Furthermore,the ordered metal nanostructures possess unique properties due to their small size,low dimension,and interactions between neighboring units,which have been used as substrates of surface-enhanced Raman scattering（SERS）,high efficiency catalyst,immunoassay and nanosensors,etc.Finally,the prospects of the ordered metal nanostructures along with the existed problems are presented.