美国是“负责任”的实力下降霸权吗？——兼论中国必须掌握国际关系理论研究的话语权

Is the U.S a Responsible Declining Hegemony?——Why China Should Grasp the Discourse Power in the Study of International Relations

随着美国的可持续发展能力和经济总量的相对下降,巨大的军费开支、难以缩小的财政赤字、自我变革能力的弱化阻碍着其重新振兴,其政府的国内治理能力下降。相应地,美国的软实力不断下降和所主张的发展模式对其他国家的吸引力也在减弱。从中长期来看,美国实力的相对下降已是一个客观趋势。作为世界唯一霸权,处在实力下行过程中的美国是否是一个负责任的国家,这是一个关系到全局的问题。更重要的是,在西方国际关系理论的主导下,理论框架和议题设置完全由西方决定,这类问题往往被遮蔽掉了。处在国力上升中的中国,在国际关系理论中如不能设置自己的议题,而只顺着西方设置的议题研究,将无法有效维护自己的国家利益,也难以争取国际秩序变革中的主动权。

With relative decline of America's sustainable development capacity and economic aggregate,the U.S.economic recovery has faced many difficulties,including huge military expenditure and fiscal deficit,the weakening of self-transformation capabilities,etc.The U.S.domestic governance as well as its soft power declined;as a result,the U.S.development model lost its attractiveness.In the long run,the relative decline of the American power is an objective trend.Thus,whether the U.S.is a responsible declining hegemony will be a key issue for world peace and stability.However,under the hegemony of Western IR theories,such research agenda was often shielded under the western discourse power which decided the agenda setting of theoretical study.If China couldn't set up its own research agenda in the study of IR theories,it would be very difficult for China to safeguard its own national interests and to take initiative to reform the international order.