303例住院肺栓塞患者危险因素分析

Risk factors of pulmonary embolism among 303 patients in the First Clinical Hospital of Jilin University

目的探讨住院肺栓塞患者的变化趋势及其危险因素。方法收集2001--2010年吉林大学第一临床医学院303例住院肺栓塞患者，对患病率、病死率及其危险因素进行分析。结果10年间该医院肺栓塞患病率从0．09‰上升至1．12‰，病死率从73．3％下降至12．0％。肺栓塞主要危险因素依次为深静脉血栓形成、外科手术、心脏病、下肢静脉曲张或静脉炎、创伤及骨折等。外科手术已跃居为第二大危险因素。结论医院内肺栓塞患病率逐步上升，而病死率显著下降。外科手术已成为主要危险因素之一。

Objective To study the trend and changes regarding risk factors of pulmonary embolism among inpatients in the last 10 years from the First Clinical Hospital of Jilin University. Methods 303 cases of pulmonary embolism inpatients in our hospital from 2001-2010 were included and analyzed on related incidence, mortality and risk factors. Results Data showed that. （ 1 ） the incidence of pulmonary embolism increased from 0.09‰ to 1.12‰ while the mortality dropped from 73.3% to 12.0% ; （2） major risk factors would include thrombosis of deep veins, surgical operations, heart diseases, varicosity or phlebitis of lower extremities, trauma and fracture etc., according to the order of incidence rates. Surgical operations had become the second major risk factor in the last 10 years. Conclusion The incidence of pulmonary embolism in our hospital showed a gradual drop while the mortality had a remarkable drop. Surgical operations had become one of the major risk factors of pulmonary embolism.