阿司匹林对心血管疾病及肿瘤的预防机制

The potential mechanisms of aspirin in preventing cardiovascular disease and tumour

近年来多项研究结果显示,动脉粥样硬化性病变与肿瘤发生存在共同的发病机制,即均伴有血小板激活并诱导COX过度表达,后者作用并导致上皮及内皮细胞功能障碍,进而引发心血管疾病和肿瘤的发生发展。5项阿司匹林与结直肠癌相关性研究的汇总分析显示,小剂量阿司匹林能显著降低结直肠癌的发生率和致死率,由此我们推知小剂量阿司匹林对结直肠癌和动脉硬化血栓形成可能具有类似的预防机制,即阿司匹林通过抑制血小板的激活及COX的作用预防动脉硬化血栓形成和肿瘤发生。小剂量阿司匹林对心血管疾病和结直肠癌的预防机制主要为抑制COX途径,后者可分为COX依赖性和非COX依赖性机制。

Summary：In recent years, a number of researches have indicated that atherosclerosis and tumorigenesis share a common mechanisms including platelet activation accompanied by over-expression of COX, which is involved in response to altered endothelial and epithelial functions, and then leads to atherosclerosis and tumorigenesis. A analysis of gathering five researches about association with aspirin and colorectal cancer showed that lowdose aspirin could reduce the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer significantly. It is proposed that there may be a common mechanism for preventing colorectal cancer and arteriosclerosis thrombosis by low-dose aspirin which is covered by inhibiting platelet activation and COX. Therefore, aspirin may play a key role in preventing arteriosclerosis thrombosis and tumorigenesis. The main mechanism of low-dose aspirin in preventing cardiovascular disease and colorectal cancer is related to COX enzyme with which is associated Cox-dependent and Cox-independent mechanisms.