大电网连锁故障的风险分析及对策

Risk Analysis and Countermeasures to Prevent Cascading Failures in Large-Scale Power Grids

针对大规模电网连锁故障风险不断增大的问题,结合我国大区电网实际运行经验,对大电网运行特点及存在的连锁故障风险因素,如电力系统安全自动装置风险、特高压电网联络线功率控制风险、电网网架结构风险、电网运行方式风险、小概率事件风险等都进行了深入探讨。在此基础上,从大电网运行、管理等角度入手,针对各类风险的不同特点,提出了若干有普遍适用意义的对策,如建设广域测量系统及风险预警系统、构建电网防灾调度体系、加快调控一体化建设等。最后,对我国大电网的发展前景进行了总结和展望。

In allusion to the increasing risk of cascading failures occurred in large-scale power grids and considering actual power grid operation conditions, operation characteristics of domestic large-scale power girds and existing risk factors of cascading failures, such as the risk of power system security and stability control devices, the risk of tie-line power flow control for UHV power grids, risk of power grid structure, risk of operating modes and risk of event of small probability and so on, are analyzed in depth. Based on analysis results and proceeding and from the viewpoint of operation and management of large-scale power grid, several generally suitable countermeasures are proposed according to different features of various types of risks, for instance building WAMS and risk early warning system, constructing power grid scheduling system for disaster prevention and speeding up the construction of integrated dispatching-control system, etc. Finally, the development of large-scale power girds in China is prospected.