农业非点源污染关键源区识别方法研究进展

Identification approaches of critical source area of agricultural non-point source pollution:A review

在农业非点源污染研究中,识别污染发生的关键源区非常重要。在介绍输出系数法、污染指数法和非点源污染模型法等主要农业非点源污染关键源区识别方法的基础上,分析了输出系数取值、污染指数因子权重分级以及非点源模型法参数获取等方面存在问题,并从野外观测、现有不同识别方法的结合、多角度识别方法的研究以及新技术的应用与集成等方面对未来关键源区识别研究进行了展望,以期为农业非点源污染评价与控制提供借鉴。

Non-point source pollution has remarkable spatial variability,and the pollutants coming from several landscape units usually account for the majority of the pollutant loads in a catchment.These landscape units are the critical non-point source pollution areas（CSAs）.How to identify the critical source areas of pollutant losses from agricultural lands is very important for the control of agricultural non-point source pollution.The approaches such as export coefficient,pollution index,and non-point source pollution model are adopted to identify the CSAs at field and catchment scales.This paper mainly described the applicability and the problems of the approaches with systematic analysis,and,aiming at the present research characteristics and existing problems,offered the concrete proposals and expectations for the future study,such as field observation,combination of existing identification methods,methods for multi-angle identification,and application and integration of new technologies.