海口市文昌鸡球虫病流行调查

Epidemiological Investigation on Wenchang Chicken Coccidiosis in Haikou City

为了解海南省海口市文昌鸡球虫病的流行情况,采用群体采样法分别从该市文昌鸡主要养殖地区采集新鲜鸡粪,检查粪样。对阳性粪样采用饱和盐水漂浮和离心沉淀法进行卵囊分离,以质量分数为2.5%的重铬酸钾培养保存。显微镜下观察卵囊,进行虫种鉴定,并统计各调查点的鸡球虫种类、感染率和感染强度。检查雏鸡（15~42日龄）、中鸡（43~84日龄）和大鸡（85~130日龄）粪样各120份。结果显示,鸡球虫的感染率分别为75.8%、78.3%和26.7%。共检出7种球虫,均属艾美耳属,分别为毒害艾美耳球虫（Eimeria neca-trix）、堆型艾美耳球虫（Eimeria acervulina）、巨型艾美耳球虫（Eimeria maxima）、柔嫩艾美耳球虫（Eimeriatenella）、和缓艾美耳球虫（Eimeria mitis）、哈氏艾美耳球虫（Eimeria hagani）和早熟艾美耳球虫（Eimeriapraecox）。结果表明,鸡球虫在海口市文昌鸡主要养殖地区普遍存在,有的调查点感染强度很高,养殖户的科学防治意识不强。

In order to investigate Wenchang chicken coccidiosis＇s epidemiology in Haikou city,fecal specimens were collected by population sampling method from the main Wenchang chicken cultured area of Haikou city and examined with the methods of saturated salt water floating.The coccidia isolated from fecal specimens was cultivated with 2.5% potassium dichromate.The species of chicken coccidian was characterized under microscope.The species,infection rate and infection intensity of chicken coccidia in each survey point was counted.The results showed that coccidia infection rates of 15-42,43-84 and 85-130 day old chicken were respectively were 75.8%,78.3% and 26.7%.Seven kinds of Eimeria were found in all,namely,E.necatrix,E.acervulina,E.maxima,E.tenella,E.mitis,E.hagani and E.praecox.The infection of chicken coccidian existed widely in main Wenchang chicken cultured area of Haikou city and the infection intensity was higher in some investigated area.