密度对大穗型小麦新品系1624干物质转移特性的影响

Effect of Different Planting Densities on Dry Metabolite Transportation of Large-spike Wheat Cultivar 1624

在大田试验条件下,研究密度对大穗型小麦新品系1624、多穗型品种小偃22灌浆期干物质转运特性的影响。采用随机区组设计,设置4个密度处理,基本苗分别为90万/hm2(T1)、150万/hm2(T2)、210万/hm2(T3)、270万/hm2(T4)。结果表明,在开花期与成熟期各品种(系)地上部单株干质量均随密度增大而减轻;成熟期籽粒干质量1624以150万/hm2的密度最大、小偃22以90万/hm2的密度最大;各品种(系)营养器官干物质转移量均以基本苗为210万/hm2最多、90万/hm2最少,大穗型品系1624转移量多于多穗型品种小偃22;营养器官对籽粒发育的贡献率1624为随密度增大而增大,小偃22为随密度增大先增大后减小;各品种(系)灌浆持续时间均随密度增大而延长,各品种不同密度间平均灌浆速率与理论千粒质量大小顺序均为T1>T3>T2>T4;大穗型品系1624基本苗在210万/hm2左右时产量因子较为协调,多穗型品种小偃22基本苗在150万/hm2时产量因子较为协调。

Under condition of the field experiment,the transportation of dry metabolites and characteristic of filling at filling stage were studied with the varying planting densities of some new wheat cultivars,including 1624 and multi-spike Xiaoyan 22.The experiment was randomly block designed with four levels of densities,including 0.9 million per hectare（T1）,1.5 million per hectare（T2）,2.1 million per hectare（T3）,and 2.7 million per hectare（T4）.The results showed that the above-ground dry weight of the examined cultivars decreases with the increasing density of planting at the flowering and mature stages.The data indicated that at the mature stage,the highest weight of dry seeds was achieved with planting density of 1.5 million seedlings（for one hectare） for 1624 and 0.9 million seedlings for Xiaoyan 22.The transport of dry material from each vegetative organ was the highest at 2.1 million seedlings and the lowest at 0.9 million seedlings.And the amount of transport was much higher in large-spike cultivar 1624 than multi-spike Xiaoyan 22.And the contribution to seed development from vegetative organs became higher with increasing density of plants for 1624,but the contribution from Xiaoyan 22 became firstly higher and then decreased with higher plant density.The filling period of each cultivar was increased with higher density used,and the averaged filling rates to the 1000-grain weight of each tested variety were ranked as T1T3T2T4.The large-spike cultivar 1624 exhibit higher yield at 2.1 million seedlings,and multi-spike Xiaoyan22 has a higher yield at 1.5 million seedlings per hectare.