深圳市学龄前儿童情绪问题现患率调查研究

Prevalence of emotional disorders in preschool children in Shenzhen

【目的】了解深圳市学龄前儿童情绪问题的患病率现状。【方法】采用整群抽样,筛查与医生核查的二阶段调查方法,对7 570名3～6岁学龄前儿童的情绪问题现患率进行调查。【结果】深圳市3～6岁学龄前儿童情绪问题现患率为8.08%,男女童分别为7.69%和8.54%,男女之间没有明显差异。分离性焦虑、特殊恐怖、社交退缩和抑郁等四种情绪问题的现患率分别为1.07%、4.02%、4.28%与0.16%。1.32%的儿童同时具有两种以上情绪问题,占有情绪问题儿童的16.34%。分离性焦虑和社交退缩的现患率随着年龄增大逐渐降低。【结论】学龄前儿童情绪问题是常见的儿童心理卫生问题,需要得到进一步的关注和重视。

[Objective] To investigate prevalence of emotional disorders among preschool children in Shenzhen. [Method] A total of 7 570 children aged 346 years from Shenzhen were enrolled by a cluster sampling and a two-phase design and investigated by using two stage epidemiological survey method. [Results] The overall of the prevalence of emotional disorders was 8. 08%. The prevalence of separation anxiety, specific phobia,social anxiety and depression were respectively 1. 07%, 4.02%, 4.28% and 0.16%. Two emotional disorders were combined in 1.32% children. The prevalence of separation anxiety and social anxiety were gradually decreasing with increasing age. [Conclusion] Emotion disorders are common among preschool children. Mood disorders research should be paid attention to.