两种亚型注意缺陷多动障碍男童执行功能特征

Characteristics of executive function in two subtypes of boys with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

【目的】探讨注意缺陷多动障碍(attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,ADHD)混合型(ADHD-CT)及注意缺陷为主型(ADHD-IT)的男童执行功能特征。【方法】采用抑制(反应/不反应任务、停止信号任务、Stroop色-字任务)及工作记忆功能任务(顺背数字、倒背数字、Corsi木块回忆、n-Back)对76名ADHD-CT、15名ADHD-IT及15名对照组男童进行测试。【结果】1)ADHD组儿童在反应/不反应任务、Stroop色-字任务、倒背数字、Corsi木块回忆任务上的表现明显差于对照组儿童,控制年龄、年级、总智商后比较差异有统计学意义。2)ADHD-CT与ADHD-IT组儿童在各测试任务上的表现差异无统计学意义。【结论】ADHD儿童存在执行功能损伤。ADHD-CT与ADHD-IT亚型执行功能损伤模式相同。

[Objective] To explore the characteristics of executive function in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, predominantly inattentive subtype （ADHD-IT） and ADHD combined subtype （ADHD）. [Method] Seventy-six boys with ADHD-CT, 15 boys with ADHD-IT and 54 healthy control subjects performed inhibition functions （Go/m） go task, Stroop color-word test,stop signal task） and working memory functions （digits forward, digits backward, Corsi block recall and visual spatial n-back）. [Results] 1） ADHD groups performed significantly worse than healthy controls did in Go/nogo task, Stroop color-word test, digits backward, and Corsi block recall. After controlling for age, grade and full-scale in telligence quotient （FIQ）, the results remained unehanged. 2）There were no significant differences in all tasks between ADHD-CT and ADHD-IT subtypes. [Conclusion] The results suggest that boys with ADHD showed deficit in executive function. The pattern of deficit in executive function between ADHD-CT and ADHD-IT subtypes is similar to each other.