广泛性发育障碍与精神发育迟滞患儿能力发育比较研究

Comparison of ability development between pervasive developmental disorder and mental retardation children

【目的】比较广泛性发育障碍(pervasive developmental disorder,PDD)患儿与精神发育迟滞(mental retar-dation,MR)患儿生长发育轨迹的差异。【方法】使用《心理教育评定量表(中文版)》对2003年1月-2009年1月间所有首次诊断为PDD或MR,并未经任何干预的患儿进行评估。根据评估结果将两组患儿分别分为综合发育年龄达0～12个月、13～36个月、37～72个月三个年龄组段。比较两组患儿在三个年龄段中,在各分测验中的得分差异。【结果】共有341例PDD和209例MR患儿。0～12月组别,MR组在模仿、表达分测验中的表现优于PDD组患儿。13～36月组别,MR组在所有分测验,中表现均优于PDD组患儿。37～72个月组别,MR组在模仿分测验中表现优于PDD组。【结论】1)综合发育水平在0～72个月能力段间,未经干预的PDD患儿模仿能力始终低于MR患儿。2)综合发育水平在13～36月组别能力段间,未经干预的PDD患儿整体能力较MR患儿差。

[Objective] To study the difference of neuropsychological development between pervasive developmental disorder （PDD） and mental retardation （MR） children. [Methods] All patients first diagnosed as PDD or MR in psycho logical counseling clinic of Children＇s Hospital of Fudan University during Jan 2003 to Jan 2009 without any intervention be fore were enrolled. The Psycho-educational Profile （PEP） test was administered to all the children. According to the devel opmental age of PEP result, all the children were divided into three groups： 0 - 12 months, 13 - 36 months, 37 - 72 months. [Results] There were 341 PDD children and 209 MR children in the research. In the 0-12 months group, MR children got higher scores in imitation and cognitive （verbal） than PDD children. In the 13-36 months group, MR children got higher scores in all the fields than PDD children, including imitation, perception, gross motor, fine motor, eye-hand integration, cognitive （performance） and cognitive （verbal）. In the 37- 72 months group, MR children got higher scores than PDD children only in imitation. [Conclusion] 1）Without any treatment, the PDD children show totally delay in all the fields than the MR children in the 13-36 months developmental age. 2） The ability of imitation is always lower in PDD child than MR children in the developmental age 0-72 months without any intervention.