地震属性在煤层厚度预测上的分析与应用

Study and Application of Seismic Attributes on Coal Seam Thickness Prediction

地震勘探中,地震反射波中包含着丰富的信息,煤层厚度与地震反射波的各种属性之间存在着一定的相关性。通过对楔状煤层模型的地震属性分析,得出煤层厚度与反射波振幅及煤层顶底的反射波视时差都存在一定关系。当煤层厚度在调谐厚度以内时,振幅和煤层厚度成正比关系,而视时差与煤层厚度关系则不明显。当煤层厚度大于调谐厚度时,振幅和煤层厚度不明显,而视时差则与煤层厚度线性关系。因此单独用任一属性都难以准确预测煤层厚度。通过对煤层厚度及两种地震属性进行非线性回归分析,找出整合多种地震属性对煤层厚度进行预测的方法。并结合实际矿区的资料,用该方法对全区煤层厚度进行预测,取得了较好的结果。

Seismic wave contain more information about the sediments. The seismic attributes has some relationship with the coal seam thickness. Through analysis of the wedge-shaped coal seam＇ s seismic attributes, when the seam thickness is less than the tuning thickness, there is proportional relationship between the amplitude value and seam thickness; while the apparent time difference between the wave peak and trough is not sensitive. When the coal seam thickness is above the tuning thickness, the conclusion is opposite. As a result, it＇ s difficult to predict the coal seam thickness only by using one single attribute. Therefore,the nonlinear-regression method is used to analyze the relationship between the seam thickness and both attributes, and got a method to predict the coal seam thickness. With the method the coal seam thickness in a coal mine is predicted and got a perfect result.