烷基聚糖苷水溶液的紊流减阻与流变特性

Turbulent Drag-reducing and Rheological Characteristics of Alkyl Polyglucoside Solution

为开发基于环境友好型表面活性剂的紊流输水减阻技术,使用压送流体阻力测试装置和锥板流变仪,对非离子表面活性剂烷基聚糖苷水溶液的减阻、剪切粘度和应力松弛特性进行了实验研究。结果表明:烷基聚糖苷是一种出色的减阻剂,临界雷诺数随温度和浓度增加而提高;剪切粘度在低剪切速率区域不随剪切速率而改变,在较高剪切速率区域,呈现非牛顿特性,烷基聚糖苷水溶液表现为"SIS"(Shear-Induced Structure),但瞬间的剪切应变加载和卸载后,剪切应力的发展和松弛特性与纯水相同,未表现出任何粘弹特性,表明"SIS"与粘弹特性的出现与否没有直接的因果关系。

In order to develop the drag-reducing technology in turbulent water-transporting flow by environmental friendly surfactant additives to water,experimental investigation was carried out on the drag-reducing behavior,shear viscosity,and relaxation characteristics of shear stres of nonionic surfactant alkyl polyglucoside solution in a pipe,by a flow-drag test device driven by compressed air and a cone plate rheometer.The results showed that alkyl polyglucoside presents excellent drag-reducing ability,and when temperature and concentration increase,the critical Reynolds number with maximal drag-reducing rate increases.The shear viscosities are Newtonian at smaller shear-rates,and suddenly jump up at some critical shear rate,which is called as SIS（Shear-Induced Structure）.Development and relaxation behavior of Shear stress is the same with water,which showed that the immediate causal connections is absent between SIS and viscoelastic effects.