农村50岁以上独生子女父母的生存现状调查

Investigation on Present Living Situation of Parents Who have Only One-child and were over 50 Years Old in China Countryside

目的了解农村50岁以上的独生子女父母的生存现状,探索和分析独生子女父母面临的医疗和养老问题,进一步完善我国的计划生育政策。方法选取江苏、江西、山西、贵州四省五县980位50岁以上独生子女父母为调查对象,进行问卷调查。结果 68.87%的农村独生子女家庭年收入在3000元以下;农村50岁以上独生子女父母的主要疾患是关节炎(41.63%)、胃病(23.27%)、高血压(17.25%);只有0.92%的人看病费用"全部免费,自己不出一分钱"。结论在目前社会经济欠发达的情况下,要使农村家庭对生育数量的追求转向质量的追求,政府必须进行政策引导,建立独生子女户父母养老基金,推行独生子女两全保险和父母养老保险,帮助独生子女家庭致富,以推动农村家庭生育需求的转变,从根本上降低农村生育率。

Objective To investigate the living situation of parents who have only one-child and were over 50 years old,explore and analyze their medical treatment and endowment insurance problems,and further perfect the policy of family planning in China.Methods The questionnaire survey was carried out in 980 parents over 50 years old from five counties of Jiangsu,Jiangxi,Shanxi and Guizhou.Results The total annual household income of only one-child family from country was below 3000 yuan.The parents over 50 years old suffered mainly from arthritis（41.63%）,stomach trouble（23.27%） and hypertension（17.25%）.Only 0.92% of them could enjoy free medical treatment.Conclusion Facing the less developed social economy,in order to change the birth concept of rural families,the government should provide policy guidance,establish one-child families parents pension fund,carry out the one-child endowment insurance and parents pension insurance system,help them achieve prosperity,promote the development of fertility demand of rural family,and thus to reduce the fertility rate in rural areas.