德阳市院前急救现况调查与分析

Epidemiology Analysis of Pre-Hospital First Aid Patients of Deyang City

目的了解德阳市院前急救患者流行病学特点,提高院前急救质量和管理水平。方法选用德阳市紧急救援指挥中心救护记录单为调查表,调查对象为2009年1月1日-2009年12月31日德阳市急救中心所有院前急救患者,共16 265例,采用现况研究。结果①16 265例患者平均年龄(45.23±17.46)岁,男女性别比为1.18∶1,职业以工人(38.26%,6223/16 265)最多。院前急救调度时间、到达时间、现场时间、返回时间分别为(1.89±0.82)min、(14.22±5.23)min、(14.33±4.34)min、(13.12±4.35)min。院前急救病种前5位是创伤(38.80%,6311/16 265,)、脑血管病(18.73%,3047/16 265)、心血管病(17.54%,2852/16 265)、呼吸系统疾病(9.67%,1573/16 265)、中毒(6.00%,975/16265)。院前急救病例一年中以冬夏季最多(62.99%,10 245/16 265);一天中以昼多夜少分布,高峰时间是8:00～24:00(86.74%,14 108/16 265)。院前急救出诊半径为(8.15±3.25)km,区域分布以市区为主(52.36%,8517/16 265),城郊与农村次之。②死亡病例与非死亡病例调度时间、到达时间、返回时间相比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),现场时间死亡病例比非死亡病例明显延长(P<0.05);院前死亡病例以>60岁最多,占54.30%(638/1175);死亡原因以脑血管疾病(28.34%,333/1175)、心血管疾病(24.94%,293/1175)和创伤(22.38%,263/1175)为主。结论德阳市院前急救有其自身的流行病学特点,本调查为德阳市院前急救的管理和建设提供了一定的参考依据。

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of the emergency occurred,the distribution of disease and to provide reference for improving the Emergency medical treatment system in Deyang city.Methods 16 265 patients who called for pre-hospital first aid from 2009-01-01 to 2009-12-31 in Deyang city were analyzed.Results ①In 16 265 pre-hospital first aid patients,the ratio of male/female was 1.18：1,the average age was（45.23±17.46）years.The scheduling time,running time,rescue time,returning time were（1.89±0.82）min,（14.22±5.23）min,（14.33±4.34）min,（13.12±4.35）min,respectively.The period with highest frequency of emergency call occurred in winter and summer（62.99%,10 245/16 265） of the year and in 8：00-24：00（86.74%,14 108/16 265）of the day.The top five causes of emergency call were trauma（38.80%,6311/16 265）,cerebrovascular diseases（18.73%,3047/1265）,cardiovascular diseases（17.54%,2852/16 265）,respiratory diseases（9.67%,1573/16 265） and poisonings（6.00%,975/16 265）.The radius of emergency care within five kilometer was 52.36%（8517/16 265）.②The scheduling time,running time,returning time had no significant difference between the death group and the non-death group（P0.05）,but rescue time in the death group were longer than those in the non-death group（P0.05）,and the top three causes of the death cases were cerebrovascular diseases（28.34%,333/1175）,cardiovascular diseases（24.94%,293/1175） and trauma（22.38%,263/1175）,whose age grades was by far above 60.Conclusion It was significant to promote the pre-hospital first aid for human health and emergency medicines building.These results of epidemiology analysis of pre-hospital first aid patients could provide relative data for building emergency treatment system and promoting emergency management.