2Jeffrey B, Palmer MD, Jennifer C et al. Evaluation and treatment of swallowing impairments. Am Fam Physician,2000; 61:2453～2462.
3Han TR, Paik NJ, Park JW. Quantifying swallowing function after stroke; A functional dysphagia scale based on videofluoroscopic studis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil,2001; 82 (5): 677～682.
4Stroud AE, Lawrie BW, Wiles CM. Inter- and intrarater reliability of cervical auscultation to detect aspiration in patients with dysphagia. Clin Rehabil, 2002; 16 (6):640～ 645.
5Colodny N. Effects of age, gender, disease, and multisystem involvement on oxygen saturation levels in dysphagic persons. Dysphagia, 2001; 16 (1): 48～57.
6Leder SB. Use of arterial oxygen saturation, heart rate,and blood pressure as indirect objective physiologic markers to predict aspiration. Dysphagia, 2000; 15 (4): 201～205.
7Roffe C, Sills S, Wilde K et al. Effect of hemiparetic stroke on pulse oximetry readings on the affected side.Stroke, 2001; 32 (8): 1808～1810.
8McHorney CA, Bricker DE, Kramer AE et al. The SWAL- QOL outcomes tool for oropharyngeal dysphagia in adults: I. Conceptual foundation and item development.Dysphagia, 2000; 15:115～121.
9McHorney CA, Robbins J, Lomax K et al. The SWALQOL and SWAL- CARE outcomes tool for oropharyngeal dysphagia in adults: Ⅲ. Documentation of reliability and validity. Dysphagia, 2002; 17:197～114.
10McHorney CA, Bricker DE, Robbins J et al. The SWAL -QOL outcomes tool for oropharyrgeal dysphagia in adults: Ⅱ. Item reduction and preliminary scaling. Dysphagia, 2000; 15:122～133.
