4Soyannwo OA, Amanor-Boadu SD, Sanya AO, et al. Pain assessment in Nigerians-Visual Analogue Scale and Verbal Rating Scale compared [J]. West Mr J Med ,2000,19(4):242-245.
5Chemik DA, Gillings, Laine H, et al. Validity and reliability of the observers assessment of Alertness/Sedation scale :study with inravenous midazolam [J ]. J Clin Psychopharmacol, 1999,10 (5) : 244-251.
6Kshatri AM, McGarrity SJ, Hahn MB. Patient-controlled analgesia using ropivacaine via an intrathecal catheter [J]. Reg Anesth Pain Med, 1998,23 (3) : 320-322.