酮症酸中毒起病的糖尿病患者的临床特点分析

目的探讨以酮症起病的糖尿病病人的临床特点和分型的情况。方法选择以酮症起病的糖尿病病人31例,根据病人的BMI分为非肥胖组(20例)和肥胖组(11例)。对两组的年龄、性别、起病的情况、胰岛的功能、血糖和血脂方面的差异进行比较。结果酮症酸中毒起病的糖尿病患者的临床特点为腹痛、恶心、呕吐、呼吸深长、呼出气有酮味(一种烂苹果味)、脱水、烦躁、嗜睡甚至昏迷,肥胖组较非肥胖组的胰岛素缺乏程度相对较轻,血脂相对较高,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论糖尿病酮症酸中毒是由于大量酮体的产生和聚积而导致的,原因是胰岛素严重缺乏、糖代谢异常或含糖食物摄入过少时,机体不得不通过分解脂肪获取能量,此时尿液和血液中有可能出现酮体。

Objective To investigate the spontaneous onset of diabetes ketosis clinical features and classification. Methods Ketosis onset of diabetes in 31 patients, divided according to BMI in patients with non-obese group （20 cases） and obese group （11 cases）. The two groups by age, sex, onset conditions, insulin secretion, glucose and lipid differences were compared. Results There were in ketosis or ketoacidosis, obesity group than in non-obese group was relatively mild insulin deficiency, high blood lipids. Conclusion The onset of ketosis is different from the 1-obese diabetic patients with clinical features of diabetes is recommended to consider an independent type.